Contest win will help Pluto moons' discoverer make his case for Vulcan

M. Showalter / NASA / ESA

An image from the Hubble Space Telescope shows Pluto and its largest moon, Charon, surrounded by four smaller moons. P4 and P5 will be getting new names. One of them might be called Vulcan.



The organizer of a contest to name Pluto's two tiniest moons can't guarantee that either one of them will be called "Vulcan" — but now that the name nominated by the original captain on the "Star Trek" TV show has won first place in the voting, planetary scientist Mark Showalter promises to argue the best case he can.

"My starting position is that we should work with the names that received the most votes," Showalter told NBC News on Friday.

The "Pluto Rocks" voting concluded at noon ET Monday, and is being followed by a 1:30 p.m. Google+ Hangout sponsored by the SETI Institute, the place where Showalter works. Vulcan came out on top with 174,062 of the 450,324 votes cast. But don't expect Showalter to declare immediately that Vulcan is the choice for one of Pluto's moons.

"There will not be an announcement on Monday," he said.


For one thing, it's not totally up to Showalter to make the nomination. He's just one of the leading scientists on the discovery teams for P4 and P5, the two moons that were found in 2011 and 2012. All the members from each of the teams will have to agree on the names to be submitted to the International Astronomical Union for approval. Even then, the IAU could voice concerns about the names they submit, leading to alternate suggestions. Showalter said he's actually seen that happen in the case of the Uranian moon that ended up being called Cupid.

Kirk ... takes ... command
Vulcan wasn't on Showalter's initial list of prospects, but he added it to the ballot at the urging of William Shatner, the actor who played Captain James T. Kirk on the original "Star Trek" series in the late 1960s. Shatner favored the name because it was the fictional home planet of Kirk's pointy-eared science officer, Mr. Spock. "Let's hope the IAU thinks Vulcan is a good name," Shatner wrote in a tweet to his 1.35 million Twitter followers.

Showalter said Shatner's endorsement definitely skewed the results. "Early on, it's pretty clear there were some Trek fans who seem to have resorted to augmented voting technologies," Showalter said. But he's convinced that the groundswell of support for Vulcan is genuine, and he said he's "come up with a pretty good case" for using the name.

"I want people to feel that their vote counted," Showalter said.

The influence of "Star Trek" fans has not waned, it seems; in a campaign led by Captain Kirk portrayer William Shatner, they have made "Vulcan" that top choice for naming one of Pluto's moons.

The IAU's guidelines for Pluto's moons stipulate that they should be named after Greek or Roman gods who have some connection to the mythological underworld. Those guidelines worked for Pluto's three other moons, Charon (ferryman of the dead), Nix (goddess of darkness) and Hydra (a many-headed monster).

Vulcan has a family relationship to the underworld, in that he was Pluto's nephew. And in his capacity as the god of fire, Vulcan tended to hang out in the depths beneath Mount Etna and other volcanoes, rather than on the heights of Mount Olympus. That may not be Hell, exactly, but it's certainly the underworld.

Showalter admitted that it might be tricky to have the god of fire associated with one of the coldest places in the solar system. "It may well be there's a consensus that it's a great name, but not a great name for a moon of Pluto," he said. Also, the name Vulcan has been associated with a hypothetical planet that was thought to circle the sun within Mercury's orbit. The 19th-century French astronomer who discovered Neptune, Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier, spent fruitless years looking for it. Pluto's moon is in an entirely different place, but Showalter sees that as a potential plus.

"Maybe we'd be doing Le Verrier a favor by saying that when he was looking for the ninth planet inside Mercury's orbit, he was looking in the wrong direction," Showalter joked.

Some have said the name Vulcan should be reserved for a planet beyond our own solar system. In response, Showalter points out that there's no IAU procedure for giving names to extrasolar planets (beyond generic designations such as Kepler-37b or Gliese 163c). That situation may change if planet-naming ventures such as Uwingu take hold. But in the meantime, Showalter feels that Vulcan should at least be given a fair shot at solar system fame.

Another moon to name
So it's a sure thing that Showalter will try making the case for Vulcan. But what about the other Plutonian moon?

Cerberus held onto the No. 2 spot in the voting, with 99,432 votes, and so Showalter will argue the case for Cerberus as well. That name fits perfectly with the mythological underworld theme, because Cerberus was the three-headed hound that guarded the gates of the underworld.

One drawback is that there's already an asteroid named Cerberus, and the IAU doesn't want newly named celestial bodies to be confused with previously named objects. Showalter said there are at least two ways around that issue: One is to argue that the asteroid and the moon wouldn't be confused. The precedent for this is Io, a mythological name that refers to a Jovian moon as well as an asteroid. Another way out is to change the spelling slightly — say, to the Greek name Kerberos. One precedent for this is the Plutonian moon Nix, which uses an alternate spelling to avoid confusion with the asteroid Nyx. (By the way, there's already an asteroid named Vulcano, but that name is considered different enough from Vulcan,)

Opening the moon-naming process up to a vote has been a lot of work, even if it's a non-binding vote, and Showalter said he doubts that he'll do it again. But he's gratified by the response: The contest attracted hundreds of thousands of votes from scores of countries around the world, generated more than 30,000 write-in suggestions for names, and gave Pluto fans and "Star Trek" fans lots to think about.

What would Spock think about all this? Leonard Nimoy, the actor who played the alien on the original "Star Trek" show, said via Twitter that "'Vulcan' is the logical choice." I can imagine Spock saying that, but I can also imagine him uttering just one word. ...

Spock said, "Fascinating," a lot! Here are the times he said it. Enjoy!

More about Pluto and its moons:


This report was originally published Friday and was updated with the results of the "Pluto Rocks" contest on Monday.

Alan Boyle is NBCNews.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter and adding the Cosmic Log page to your Google+ presence. To keep up with Cosmic Log as well as NBCNews.com's other stories about science and space, sign up for the Tech & Science newsletter, delivered to your email in-box every weekday. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.

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Spock lives!

I like the name "Vulcan." I think the fact that it is cold will be fine because one can think of "Kolinahr," a Vulcan mental discipline that made Mr. Spock very chilly personality-wise.

Styx would work well for the other one because I remember that they were a great band. I used to own a couple of their albums. Those are good memories.

  • 1 vote
Reply#1 - Fri Feb 22, 2013 9:13 PM EST

Personally - I think it's a great name. It does of course honor Star Trek, which helps to raise awareness and interest in space sciences, which is a good thing. Plus, it you set Star Trek totally asside - Vulcan is Pluto's nephew - so it's also perfectly fitting mythoLOGICALly.

  • 2 votes
#1.1 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 2:27 PM EST

What an insult to the name Vulcan. Vulcan is a PLANET. It's not some piddling little speck of a sixth rate moon. How can you even think it's an honor. It's an INSULT.

  • 3 votes
#1.2 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 1:18 PM EST

I agree with PullMyFinger... the name Vulcan should be reserved for giving to a habitable extrasolar planet, not some bug fart of a moon on a too-small-to-be-a-real-planet like Pluto.

  • 4 votes
#1.3 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 2:52 PM EST

Puffmyfinger, I agree Vulcan is a planet not a tiny moon of a proto planet.

  • 3 votes
#1.4 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 2:53 PM EST

It's a shame to waste the name 'Vulcan' on such an insignificant speck.

I voted for Loki and Hel. Too many Greek and Roman, no Norse.

  • 2 votes
#1.5 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 5:23 PM EST

If anything, Vulcan should be reserved for a planet with similar characteristics as the fictional Vulcan homeworld.

Does anyone else find it ironic that Spock's homeworld doesn't have any moons and now we are naming a moon after Spock's homeworld?

  • 2 votes
#1.6 - Mon Feb 25, 2013 5:14 PM EST

No, but I do find it funny that the controversy revolves around whether or not Pluto's moon is worthy of the name of a fictional planet from a TV show, rather than whether it's appropriate to start naming real-life astral bodies after fictional ones.

That said, I think it's fine as long as they don't call it Coruscant. I don't even think Pluto HAS any cities...

    #1.7 - Mon Feb 25, 2013 6:26 PM EST

    Well, as far as fictional locations go, at least Vulcan bears the name of a Roman god. But, in the big scheme of things, it doesn't have to be Roman or Greek to be allowed. Haumea and Makemake are named for Hawaiian and Rapanuian mythology respectively. Actually, the naming conventions that are used for objects in our solar system is "Fascinating" (Spock).

    I love Star Trek and Star Wars, but even I wouldn't want to name anything Coruscant. ...Unless we find a world that is actually one big city. That'd be cool. ...But, I suppose, if that kind of a place already exists then it would stand to reason that it already has a name of its own.

      #1.8 - Mon Feb 25, 2013 6:42 PM EST
      Reply

      I think 'Vulcan' should be reserved for at least an alien planet... preferably a volcanic one. I think a small, icy moon is the least Vulcan object out there.

      • 9 votes
      Reply#2 - Fri Feb 22, 2013 9:31 PM EST

      The hypothetical planet, Vulcan -- a very cool (get it?) story BTW -- inside Mercury's orbit dooms it as the name for a moon of Pluto IMO. Let's save the name for an important Earth-like extra-terrestrial planet.

      Personally, I like Styx, but I'll accept whatever comes out of this process. It's great having some fun with this.

      • 3 votes
      Reply#3 - Fri Feb 22, 2013 10:25 PM EST

      Vulcan is currently in 4th place

      Cerberus and Styx are 1st and 2nd respectively

      • 1 vote
      Reply#4 - Fri Feb 22, 2013 11:03 PM EST

      I think you're looking at some old results - Vulcan is WAY out in front, and has almost as many votes as Cerberus and Styx combined. :)

      • 1 vote
      #4.1 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 2:21 PM EST

      Indeed that was the old results page they've moved it to a less accessible view 8(

        #4.2 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 3:49 PM EST
        Reply

        I don't like the name Vulcan for such small and insignificant bodies. Especially when the New Horizons, flyby will discover hundreds of similar small icy bodies orbiting Pluto/Charon in 2015.

        • 5 votes
        Reply#5 - Fri Feb 22, 2013 11:26 PM EST

        something small, cold and circling a dead planet? is cheney greek?

        • 3 votes
        Reply#6 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 12:15 AM EST

        Haha. BTW, Cheney is of Norman Fernch origin.

        • 1 vote
        #6.1 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 12:18 PM EST

        Oops--Norman French.

        • 1 vote
        #6.2 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 12:48 PM EST

        You lead a very sad life indeed. I pity you.

          #6.3 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 1:21 PM EST

          O.o, says the troll with the snarky comments, pull my finger...

            #6.4 - Tue Feb 26, 2013 11:01 AM EST
            Reply

            Any Star Trek fan worth his salt would not name a small icy moon of low significance after a warm planet of great significance to the canon of the Star Trek world. It's a bad idea and likely Mr Shatner couldn't think of any other planets, not being a Start Trek fan in the least by his own admission.

            • 8 votes
            Reply#7 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 5:10 AM EST

            The fact is it seems the fix is in. Mr. Boyle has given himself over to the silly media hype over this clearly inappropriate name for this admittedly minor rock because it was suggested by some actor. Obviously I am consumed with respect.

            • 3 votes
            Reply#8 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 5:55 AM EST

            FASCINATING!

            There, someone had to say it!

            • 3 votes
            Reply#9 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 9:53 AM EST

            Insufficient data..

              #9.1 - Mon Feb 25, 2013 5:16 PM EST
              Reply

              Spock must have said fascinating at least once in every episode. They could name the moon Tiberius to appease Captain Kirk. Vulcan should be a hot place.

              • 4 votes
              Reply#10 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 12:19 PM EST

              In the first episode of Star Trek, Where No Man Has Gone Before, there is a gravestone clearly marked James R. Kirk, but later episodes switched to the familiar T for Tiberius.

                #10.1 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 6:33 PM EST

                Actually, the first episode was "The Cage". And although "Where no Man Has Gone Before" was a redone pilot., it was actually the third episode aired on TV. The first "aired" episode was "The Man Trap".

                • 3 votes
                #10.2 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 6:29 AM EST
                Reply

                With the likely chance of there being planets pretty much everywhere we look, I'd reserve the name for anything nice and warm near Epsilon Eridani - the fictional home star of Mr. Spock in the Star Trek universe. Like others have said, it's not a name for a small icy moon.

                • 5 votes
                Reply#11 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 2:25 PM EST

                The fictional Vulcan is now taken to be a world of 40 Eridani, instead...

                  #11.1 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 1:08 AM EST
                  Reply

                  Considering the fact that we are naming Pluto's moon in this day and age in the 21st century when Star Trek is still something that is current in today's society, it stands to reason that we should collectively, as a modern people, choose a name for Pluto's moon that reflects our modern culture as well in additional to honoring the ancient Greek or Roman gods as stipulated by the IAU's guidelines.

                  After all, we are naming this moon today in this century, not 2000 years ago so why not also have some meaning for the people of today. If anything, shows like Star Trek get much of the younger generations interested in science as they dream of venturing out into space and naming a moon Vulcan may get more people interested in science as they see a link between themselves today and a planet's moon, that people can and still do make scientific discoveries and still name major celestial bodies within our own solar system. Science has a bright future...not everything that can be known has been discovered, not even close.

                  • 1 vote
                  Reply#12 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 6:06 PM EST

                  I voted for Styx and Cerebus because the names had a relationship to the name Pluto:

                  Pluto: In Greek and Roman mythology, the ruler of the Underworld (Hades).

                  Styx: The mythical river that formed the boundary between Earth and the Underworld (Hades)

                  Cerberus: in mythology, a multi-headed (usually three headed) hound which guards the gates of the Underworld, to prevent those who have crossed the river Styx from ever escaping.

                  The reason I am not voting for 'Vulcan' is that the name is not descriptive of the moons of Pluto. Vulcan, in Roman mythology and religion, was the god of Fire, including the fire of volcanoes. Since the moons of Pluto, to our knowledge, do not display volcanic activity (in the sense of heat and fire), the name just does not accurately describe either moon and does not have a connection with the name 'Pluto'. We'd be better off renaming the Jovian moon as 'Vulcan' since the name would make much more sense. I'm with others who feel "vulcan" should be reserved for an appropriate extra-solar planet (or even if a new large planet is discovered further out in the outer solar system beyond Pluto).

                  • 1 vote
                  Reply#13 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 7:57 PM EST

                  Hate to tell you guys and gals this but the Greek name for Mercury was Vulcan! So technically there is already a planet Vulcan we just call it by its Latin name. "Live Long and Prosper!"

                  • 1 vote
                  Reply#14 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 8:27 PM EST

                  I don't think so. Wikepedia says:

                  In the Roman adaptation of the Greek pantheon (see interpretatio romana), Hermes was identified with the Roman god Mercury,

                    #14.1 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 8:39 PM EST
                    Reply

                    I think we should name them Paul, John, George...... you know - after the famous Popes.

                    • 1 vote
                    Reply#15 - Sat Feb 23, 2013 11:18 PM EST

                    The name Vulcan dates as far back as Madam Blavatsky (~1900) who said that it was 'The Forge Of The Avatars'. Christ and Buddha are just two such avatars and by this statement, she provided enough information to find it. It is a half Jovian mass body in a nominal 4969 year orbit.Google: VULCAN REVEALEDIt is A Dangerous New Jovian Sized Body In Our Solar System because it draws in Kuiper Belt objects and they become comet swarms threatening our inner solar system.

                      Reply#16 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 2:22 AM EST

                      a good choice -Vulcans are in both greek mythology as the maker of the gods weapons and in startrek-the interesting thing is that our part of the solar system is named after roman gods and the other side of Jupiter are named after greek gods-they are almost similar in structure on either side

                      we should be basing our ideas off science fiction and not be held back by the ethics of nature-all species use nature we should stop fighting against and nurture it

                      we really need to start looking to space as our life line and fast

                      lets get project genesis up and running on mars but using the starwars project to heat and cool the planet

                      the kupier belt mentioned earlier could be the basis of an atmosphere protector-like when nasa suggested using space dust and smaller debris to repair the hole in our own atmosphere which is a great idea

                      also the planets colors are our own perception of color the earths sky is blue maybe because of the water molecules in it so we get a similar color for the oceans-if we can figure out all of the necessary gases at the optimum amounts to create life we can actually evolve a planet to be habitable

                      I still think Neptune and Uranus and it's moons are the places to look Neptune is named after the god of the seas and is a ice planet so more water-melt some and lets see what's under neath

                      we need to get more daring and invite private investment

                      what happened to the disc at the bottom of the fjords because that looks like the main part of the enterprise before it breaks off

                      lets communicate with xt's using colors flashing similar to the lights on a apparent space ship-if language is a barrier us color

                        Reply#17 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 4:52 AM EST

                        we should look at the unfortunate naming of Uranus-telling me they weren't saying something about the planet or maybe life forms-you don't call a planet that for nothing

                        also UNIT Uranus-Neptune -Eris (iris maybe pronounced) titan (moon) maybe unions in the past

                        unless someone's got to much money and likes a prank of flashing lights in the skies I would be paying attention to the skies-you don't go through the science and trouble for nothing

                        what was mulders catch phrase-THE TRUTH IS OUT THERe

                          Reply#18 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 4:59 AM EST

                          hey can I ask if someone can write an article on the scientist hook-he is one I have not covered and he was newton's nemesis and I believe has important theories for space -I always left him out for some reason

                          guess it's time to explore now my expedition is running again literally

                          guess it's time to reeducated myself again-this is how I learn -from short articles I have problems when reading long articles because I get bogged down in the numbers- I am learning about the dynamics of the science of nature

                          why not take there findings and just go limitless

                          lets not stop lets get to space

                            Reply#19 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 5:18 AM EST

                            why do we always go that way out towards that region in space-we need to start looking on all sides of the sun-there maybe planets out of sight because of the size of the sun-what if our twin planet is on the other side just the same distance form the sun - we would see the light refraction or molecules being attracted due to densities and gravitational pull of the planets

                              Reply#20 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 5:26 AM EST

                              I mass creates a density that creates a magnetic pull depending on the size so we could track radio waves -sound waves and molecules and what is attracted to that area also the colors maybe different -we need to be able to record all colors in the spectrum including dark colors and shades

                                Reply#21 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 5:29 AM EST

                                I've said it before and I will say it again:

                                If a body orbits a star and has at least one satellite, it MUST be a planet. The distance from the star is irrelevant. The eccentricity of the orbit is irrelevant. The size of the body is important only insofar as it must be big enough to form a spheroid shape due to its own gravity. Small planets are still planets. The inclination of the orbit to the ecliptic is irrelevant. The orbital direction in comparison to other planets is irrelevant. Evidence for it being captured instead of originally created within the star system is irrelevant. The fact that such conditions in terminology may lead to hundreds or thousands of planets is irrelevant. A planet is a planet because of its gravitational hierarchy. It orbits a star, and other bodies orbit it. That is a planet.

                                We don't have 8 planets, or even 9 planets. There are probably hundreds of them. Seems to me that should excite astronomers instead of making them redefine terms so that they don't have count them all. I find the current distinction between 'planet' and 'minor planet' to be arbitrary, unscientific, and nothing more than a bogus controversy created by TV-astronomers (who shall remain nameless) in their attempts to sell books and become celebrities. 'Jerry Hathaway' is who they are, if you get the reference.

                                • 2 votes
                                Reply#22 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 5:50 AM EST

                                I think you should revisit your definition of a planet. I agree that the so-called "dwarf planets" should be considered planets in their own right but one part of your definition stands out to me.

                                Why must a planet have at least one satellite?

                                Do Mercury have a moon? Mercury is smaller than Ganymede and Titan and it has no moon. So is it not a planet anymore??

                                The distinction between planet and dwarf planet may be arbitrary and unscientific but I don't think it means anyone gets off without having to count them all. Astronomers certainly still count them all, give each object a name or numerical designation and tell everyone else about what they've discovered. That's how the whole mess got started. Mike Brown discovered Eris and... the rest is history. And I've heard there was some "trickeration" about that IAU vote to demote Pluto.

                                Defining the word planet is a tricky situation though. For example, what do you call a planet that was thrown out of its system and no-longer orbits a star?

                                Also, was that a Val Kilmer movie reference?

                                • 1 vote
                                #22.1 - Mon Feb 25, 2013 7:05 PM EST

                                I never said that a planet must have a moon to be a planet. What I said is that if it does have a moon, it MUST be a planet, in case there was doubt due to its small size. Mercury is still a planet even though it lacks a moon. In looking at more distant and smaller bodies and trying to determine if they are a planet or not, the simple test is moon=yes, else, check size to see if it is spheroid, and therefore massive enough to be a planet. If no moon and not spheroid, not a planet.

                                A planet that was thrown out of its system is a planet of whatever new star it currently orbits. If it orbits none, I would call it an Ejected Planet. The greek meaning 'wanderer' for planet would be especially apt in such a case.

                                Yes, you got the reference :)

                                • 1 vote
                                #22.2 - Tue Feb 26, 2013 3:11 AM EST

                                Jerry Hathaway can eat popcorn all day long as far as I care.

                                You're trying to use the word planet to describe what are clearly planetoids of some type or another. Little balls of rock don't deserve the bigger designation for me - or for most astronomers - because as you said there are hundreds of them in our solar system alone, once you count all of the kiddies way out in the Kuiper Belt and likely at least a few in odd orbits in the Oort Cloud.

                                If we water down the word planet when referring to our own little solar system, then how do we accurately describe extrasolar planets? Giving all of the tiny planetoids in every other system the name "planet" just does not make sense - only the ones large enough to have at least some real level of surface gravity that you can feel, and of course the gas giants whose real surface is well below the cloud tops deserve the word planet IMO.

                                  #22.3 - Tue Feb 26, 2013 7:40 AM EST

                                  "If we water down the word planet when referring to our own little solar system, then how do we accurately describe extrasolar planets?"

                                  You win the prize for the Most Orwellian Comment of the Day.

                                  First of all, it is the new revised definition of planet that is 'watering down' the definition. The 'full strength' version was the prior one. I object to this 'watering down'.

                                  One reason is because, just as you said, how do we properly classify extrasolar planets if we have an arbitrary system at home? We are 'curve fitting' the rules to make them specifically apply to our little system without using a general classification system, such as I advocate. This will cause chaos in time.

                                  Using whether we can 'feel the gravity' or not of a body subjects it to a human standard of measurement. Humanity is not an apt yardstick to use to gauge the physical universe. It's like using imperial measurement instead of metric.

                                    #22.4 - Tue Feb 26, 2013 7:24 PM EST

                                    "You win the prize for the Most Orwellian Comment of the Day."

                                    Not in the slightest... applying scientific understanding is about as non-Orwellian as it is possible to be! Newspeak doubleplus ungood!

                                    "First of all, it is the new revised definition of planet that is 'watering down' the definition. The 'full strength' version was the prior one. I object to this 'watering down'."

                                    Well that doesn't make sense unless you're willing to allow all of the KBOs that are larger than Pluto to be called planet as well. The simple fact is that Pluto and those KBOs have not cleared out their orbits, therefore don't deserve to be called planets.

                                    Even an extrasolar large body caught in the midst of the formation process, constantly being bombarded with large quantities of material would be referred to as a protoplanet and not planet proper. Even if it was the size of Jupiter. Nothing controversial about that, so why does Pluto enrage so many people?

                                    I'm not sure how the new definition, based upon more accurate astronomical observations, is watering it down. Just like Families in taxonomy are sometimes shifted around after DNA analysis shows us where they actually belong, sometimes the old original definitions need to adapt to a more complete understanding.

                                    When Pluto was first discovered, of course they called it a planet - but we know so much more about our solar system now than we did then - so why are you so mad that this better understanding caused a reevaluation of what planet meant?

                                      #22.5 - Tue Feb 26, 2013 8:15 PM EST

                                      "applying scientific understanding is about as non-Orwellian as it is possible to be!"

                                      I agree with that statement, which is why I object to the new classification system. I believe that the new system does not reflect a truly scientific method, but instead relies upon arbitrary, irrelevant notions. The major problem that most people such as I have with the Pluto situation is precisely that it is NOT scientific, and represents a wholesale dumbing down of an area that is supposed to be invioate and unaffected by the tide of stupidity overwhelming our society.

                                      "that doesn't make sense unless you're willing to allow all of the KBOs that are larger than Pluto to be called planet as well."

                                      I am. Why wouldn't I be? I am also willing to accept KBOs smaller than Pluto, if they meet the other requirements. I don't know why it is so troubling to those of you who oppose my view that there could be many planets. It seems that if the classification regime does not arbitrarily limit the number of planets to a handfull, you guys are simply not ok with it for some unknown reason.

                                      "The simple fact is that Pluto and those KBOs have not cleared out their orbits, therefore don't deserve to be called planets."

                                      What a nonsensical and overly-restrictive factor. I see no logic to your assertion. You are suggesting to me that simply by the fact that another body may occupy nearly the same orbit as some potential planet, even though it may be far away on the other side of the sun, some billions of kms away, that neither object is a planet, irrespective of their sizes and even if they have satellites? Why does it make sense that a planet MUST be the sole heir to all the material in its orbit? I see no reason to mandate that a planet must be either originally created within the star system it now occupies, or that it cleared the entirety of its own orbit. You are referring to factors that determine the number of planets in a system, not whether the bodies in the system are planets or not.

                                      "Even an extrasolar large body caught in the midst of the formation process, constantly being bombarded with large quantities of material would be referred to as a protoplanet and not planet proper. Even if it was the size of Jupiter. Nothing controversial about that, so why does Pluto enrage so many people?"

                                      Apples to Oranges. Neither Pluto nor anything else in our solar system is presently in the protoplanet stage due to the age of our sun. Extrasolar protoplanets in young star systems provide no guidance for classification for mature planets in mature star systems. They are protoplanets.

                                      "I'm not sure how the new definition, based upon more accurate astronomical observations, is watering it down."

                                      The new system is NOT based upon more accurate astronomical observations. Nobody here is arguing about the specific orbits, now known in greater precision than years ago. The increased accuracy of observations is not the issue, and has contributed nothing to the new classification system. The new system is based upon a new overall means of defining a planet. The new means takes into consideration factors which were previously ignored. But they were previously ignored because those factors say NOTHING about whether a body is a planet or not.

                                      A planet is a planet because of its place in the gravity hierarchy. Any body that orbits a star, and possesses at least 1 satellite, and is large enough to hold a spheroid shape due to its own gravity, is a planet. Bodies without satellites which are otherwise large/spheroid enough are also planets, such as Mercury. The only reason why Mercury and Venus lack satellites is because they are so close to the sun.

                                      So we who object to the new system see things as you scientists arbitrarily changing a scientific fact; not due to any new superior information or insight, but for economic reasons and for suspicious 'other' reasons. We are not ludites afraid of change. We see ourselves as objecting to clearly arbitrary Orwellian Reality Engineering, and we feel that this Pluto demotion issue is an early, supposedly harmless test case so as to see if people will object to reality being changed arbitrarily or not. That surely sounds bizarre to some people. But you did ask WHY so many people are so emotionally vested in this issue. It is because we see this as a test case for what is to come in the future.

                                      I have no problem when people tell me about Quantum Mechanics in overthrowing my Newtonian view of the world. I have no problem with change. But the change must be correct change, accomplished by the correct means, and to serve a correct aim.

                                      How does the new classification system clarify anything? I don't believe it does. I believe it provides a lot of wiggle room for personal judgment, and does not key upon the proper factors, while including irrelevant factors.

                                        #22.6 - Thu Feb 28, 2013 12:54 AM EST

                                        What a long winded rant without any real meat.

                                        You're trying to say that minor bodies so far out from their star that they have only tenuous atmospheres during part of their orbits, and those so far out that they NEVER have an atmosphere deserve to be called planet just due to being round, and you don't see how silly that is?

                                        Sorry, no convincing people like you that the world is round. You rail against the Jerry Hathaways at the same time that you act more irrationally than they do, especially with your comments "but for economic reasons and for suspicious 'other' reasons" and "we feel that this Pluto demotion issue is an early, supposedly harmless test case so as to see if people will object to reality being changed arbitrarily or not". That's a real hoot.

                                        Reality hasn't changed, but our understanding of it has. Terminology updates DO happen when this occurs. When Einstein's theories became accepted, terms like "ether" went away. You clearly act like you would have been one of the ones denying Einstein simply because it required you to reevaluate your place in the universe. And you called me Orwellian!!! Too funny.

                                          #22.7 - Thu Feb 28, 2013 7:03 AM EST

                                          "You're trying to say that minor bodies so far out from their star that they have only tenuous atmospheres during part of their orbits, and those so far out that they NEVER have an atmosphere deserve to be called planet just due to being round, and you don't see how silly that is?"

                                          Where did you get the idea that ANY of these factors determine whether an object is a planet or not? And why do you assume that your nonsensical reasoning is somehow 'self-evident'? And if it is so obvious, why can't your provide ANY explanation of why it is obvious?

                                          And your tactics are crude. Lots of ad hominems and Straw Men in your arguments, because you have no arguments.

                                          You accuse me of having no 'meat' to my comments, but at least I have a point of view which is fully explained and which is self-consistent. I see no content other than insult in you last post whatsoever.

                                          I know you think that it is funny for people to be concerned about the world or to have any concerns whatever. After all, everthing is 100% ok on planet earth and it would be 'silly' and 'irrational' to have any suspicions or concerns whatsoever. We all should simply believe whatever authorities tell us. Any other course of action would be unthinking and contrary to the group will, which you seem to accept so readily.

                                          You are obtuse turned to 11. I can accept you not agreeing with me, but you won't even recognize that I object to FAULTY SCIENCE, not SCIENCE. My claim is that the new system is faulty science. You don't refute that point at all. You just keep repeating the same party line over and over. And then you add the insulting strawmen to your 'argument' and all I can see is a fully-overcome mind without a shred of personal perspective, drawing all your views from group consensus.

                                          

                                          In a fitting irony, it is you who do not see that all insights occur to individuals and small groups before they become widely accepted by the whole public. Yet my concerns, being minority concerns, are automatically considered to be garbage by you simply because of their minority status. You commit the same offense you accuse me of in not accepting changing conditions in the scientific realm, yet you cannot see your own hypocrisy in the political/social realm. Pathetic.

                                            #22.8 - Thu Feb 28, 2013 8:34 AM EST

                                            "And your tactics are crude. Lots of ad hominems and Straw Men in your arguments, because you have no arguments."

                                            You keep telling yourself that while you rant and rave like a spoiled baby (who forgets that he called me Orwellian - a VERY dirty word - for simply trusting the opinion of those who spend their lives on this particular subject) and try to use the word planet for every round bug fart in the universe.

                                            You're not convincing anybody but yourself. Make some popcorn Jerry!

                                              #22.9 - Fri Mar 1, 2013 8:12 AM EST
                                              Reply

                                              you guys need to look at the huffington post science section they are way ahead of the curve in layout and content-nothing wrong in doing a similar way-it works there layout is much more appealing to the eyes

                                              also can't you do a section on scientists we have not heard of from past to present with bio's and their achievements

                                                Reply#23 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 6:03 AM EST

                                                As for the name of this new moon, I would suggest that it's name should be related to Pluto. Styx and Cerebus are good choices. Persephone would be nice too.

                                                  Reply#24 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 6:10 AM EST

                                                  couldn't you calculate if there are other planets by just noting the speed of a satellite-the bigger the pull the faster it would go-you could have gps and a speed counter and record and you would find locations of large masses-planets

                                                  micro to macro and vice versa

                                                    Reply#25 - Sun Feb 24, 2013 6:12 AM EST
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