Slideshow: Take a virtual dive

Catlin Seaview Survey

See dozens of wonders from coral reefs and other exotic seascapes, courtesy of the Catlin Seaview Survey.

Launch slideshow

Thousands of images from Australia's Great Barrier Reef and other coral locales are being stitched together into an eye-popping array of 360-degree panoramas for Google Maps' Street View feature — but this million-dollar-plus project isn't just about pretty pictures. It's about sharing the wonders and the woes of the world's coral reefs with people around the globe.

"This will allow the 99.9 percent of the population who have never been diving to go on a virtual dive for the first time," said Richard Vevers, project director for the Catlin Seaview Survey.

In partnership with Google, the Seaview Survey has been mounting a series of expeditions to capture high-resolution imagery of the Great Barrier Reef and other coral reef locales. It's sponsored by Catlin Group Ltd., a global insurance group. The project went through a preview phase back in February, and since then, it has continued to ramp up. Even before the official unveiling, the Seaview Survey has gained more than 1.4 million fans on Google+.

"Now we are actually in full expedition mode," Vevers said. To celebrate Wednesday's official kickoff, the survey is staging its first public real-time dive at the Great Barrier Reef via a Google+ Hangout at 1:30 p.m. ET. It'll be the middle of the night in Australia, but it'll be getting toward midday at the Blue Ocean Film Festival in Monterey, Calif., where Vever and other Seaview Survey organizers are hanging out this week.

Here are some of the 360-degree, Street View-style goodies that are already available via Google Maps:

• Australia's Heron Island Resort, where you swim with sea turtles.
• Lady Elliot Island Underwater, where a manta ray is silhouetted in the sunlight.
• Wilson Island, Great Barrier Reef, where you pop your head up to watch a sunset.
• The Philippines' Apo Island, where you come face to face with coral.
• Maui's Molokini Crater in Hawaii, where divers drift nearby.
• Oahu's Hanauma Bay, where you watch snorkelers pass overhead.

Vevers and his colleagues aim to take 50,000 shallow-reef pictures, using a specially designed SVII camera. When all those images are stitched together into a continuous skein, the 360-degree panoramas will let users navigate their own way through one long virtual Google Maps dive. There'll also be a deep-reef survey, conducted using picture-snapping robots.

Scientists plan to analyze the photos using image-recognition software to get a quick read on coral reef health. That's a crucial issue for the decades ahead. Half of the ocean's coral communities have been lost over the past 40 years, said the survey's chief scientist, Ove Hoegh-Guldburg of the University of Queensland's Global Change Institute. The decline is due to a variety of causes, ranging from coastal water quality to overfishing to ocean warming and acidification, he said.

"The evidence of these changes is there, but people outside the scientific community don't understand the significance of those changes," Hoegh-Guldburg told me. "If we're going to tackle these global issues, we need everyone on the planet to understand what we are in danger of losing, and what we can do to stop the decline."

He said the Seaview Survey's biggest benefit will be to give people a greater appreciation of the world's coral reefs, whether they're Australian business executives or Russian grandmothers.

Sharing the seas' wonders
The Seaview Survey aims to conduct regular expeditions that can be shared via Hangouts and other live events. All the scientific data will be made public via an online Global Reef Record database, Hoegh-Guldburg said. He's also looking into ways to enlist volunteers to analyze coral reef pictures, an idea that's taken from the citizen-science playbooks for Zooniverse and the Cornell Lab of Ornithology.

The survey is due to focus on the Great Barrier Reef and the Coral Sea is due to run until the end of December, and then it'll move on to other locations around the globe, including Hawaii, the Philippines and Bermuda. Hoegh-Guldburg said the survey's tools and techniques are designed to be adapted easily for a wide range of coral reef settings — including countries that haven't been able to assess their own coral reefs.

"Many of these countries know that their reefs are in trouble, but they don't know how much they're losing, or where they're losing the most," Hoegh-Guldburg said. "This can help them prioritize. If you don't prioritize, it's very hard to get traction."

The way he sees it, the Catlin Seaview Survey is coming just in time.

"Everybody is waking up to the realization that this is a critical decade," Hoegh-Guldburg said. "We're making decisions that could haunt us for hundreds of years if we don't get them right. It's now or never." 

More Google Street View goodies:

• Google maps ancient Mexican ruins
• Google tours NASA's Kennedy Space Center
• Take a Death Valley drive with the click of a mouse
• Google view of Amazon (the real Amazon) now live

Alan Boyle is NBCNews.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter and adding the Cosmic Log page to your Google+ presence. To keep up with Cosmic Log as well as NBCNews.com's other stories about science and space, sign up for the Tech & Science newsletter, delivered to your email in-box every weekday. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.

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Metallic structures with a low level electric current provoke limestone formations that attract coral growth. The technology is proving effective at restoring reefs around the world, including Bali.

A low-level electric current running through domed-shaped metallic structures in the waters off Bali is giving a jolt to coral reef survival there, according to news reports.

The Biorock technology is seen by some conservationists as a means to repair coral reefs damaged by years of destructive cyanide and dynamite fishing practices, as well as steadily warming oceans.

Warming oceans are a threat to the reefs since they result in more frequent episodes of coral bleaching, a phenomenon when higher temperatures cause photosynthetic algae that provide corals with food and color to leave, turning the corals white.

Without food for a sustained period of time, the corals will die. A coral bleaching event in 1998 killed one sixth of the world's tropical reefs. 

Biorock technology builds from the late German marine architect Wolf Hibertz's discovery in the 1970s that electrified metallic structures cause dissolved minerals in the water to crystallize on them.

This grows "into a white limestone similar to that which naturally makes up coral reefs and tropical white sand beaches," the Global Coral Reef Alliance explains.  

Marine life including corals and oysters colonize this limestone.

"Corals grow two to six times faster. We are able to grow back reefs in a few years," Thomas J. Goreau, a marine biologist who is leading the development of the technology, told AFP.

Goreau is president of the Global Coral Reef Alliance, a U.S.-based non-profit dedicated to the protection, preservation, and sustainable management of coral reefs. 

Bali success
The alliance today works with organizations around the world to implement the Biorock technology, including a 20-year-long project in Pemuteran Bay off the north coast of Bali.

Today there are about 60 of the electrified metallic cages in the bay, creating a coral reef there that is "flourishing better than ever before," AFP reports.

What's more, researchers overseeing the project say that the Biorock technology makes the corals more resistant to global warming.

"Biorock is the only method known that protects corals from dying from high temperatures. We get from 16 to 50 times higher survival of corals from severe bleaching," Goreau told AFP.

These restored reefs in turn attract fish and tourists.

Technology limits?
While the technology is useful for small areas, the scale of coral bleaching is just too large for it to be a cost-effective solution, Rod Salm, a coral reef specialist with The Nature Conservancy, told the Associated Press in a 2007 story about Biorock technology.

A more effective method of saving reefs from mass coral bleaching may be large marine protected areas that offer plenty of shade and cooler waters for the reefs, Salm noted in a 2010 blog post for Nature.

But at the small scale, at least, Goreau argues that Biorock is more cost-effective than other solutions. For example, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration recently touted the successful recovery of 376 square feet of coral in Florida that was damaged when a boat ran aground in 2002. 

With $56,671 in settlement funds, the government agency attached corals to a special cement that hardens underwater. By 2010, the restored reef was healthier than an adjacent undamaged section.

Goreau issued a press release countering the agency's success story saying that his Biorock technology is more cost effective. Based on the settlement funds used for the restoration, the government project cost $1,622 per square foot. Biorock technology can be used to grow six foot tall reef structures for $13 to $20 per square foot, he claims.

The technology will be featured in One Day on Earth, a television program sponsored by the United Nations, in early 2012. You can check it out in the video below.

More on coral reef damage and restoration:

• Coral reefs built with current, the electric kind
• Damaged Florida Keys coral reefs make amazing recovery
• Great Barrier Reef corals frozen for future conservation
• Hawaii protecting coral reefs with huge fines
• Concrete orbs become Caribbean reefs

John Roach is a contributing writer for msnbc.com. To learn more about him, check out his website. For more of our Future of Technology series, watch the featured video below.