Cosmic Log - hirise

Aug

2012

3:24pm, EDT

Get the long view of the Mars Curiosity rover's locale

NASA / JPL-Caltech / Univ. of Ariz.

A long strip image from the high-resolution camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter shows the Curiosity rover's landing spot in Gale Crater, as well as the terrain leading south toward the mountain known as Aeolis Mons or Mount Sharp. The colors have been stretched to emphasize differences in surface composition. A dune field can be seen in deep shades of blue. Beyond the dunes, mesas and buttes are part of the terrain surrounding the 3-mile-high mountain.

By Alan Boyle, Science Editor, NBC News

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Fresh imagery from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter shows the newly arrived Curiosity rover sitting at its landing site in Gale Crater, as well as the sand dunes and rugged terrain that the rover must pass through to conduct its $2.5 billion science mission.

The dunes are painted in colorful shades of ultramarine, but those aren't the true colors: Most of the color images from the orbiter's High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment, or HiRISE, are color-coded to emphasize subtle differences in surface composition. The shades of blue are actually dusty shades of gray to the human eye. The area around the rover itself has a blue tinge because of the dust that was disturbed during Curiosity's rocket-powered sky-crane landing on Aug. 5.

Even some of the pictures sent back from the surface by Curiosity have been brightened up to reflect Earthlike lighting conditions, said HiRISE's principal investigator, Alfred McEwen of the University of Arizona. Pictures from Mars look "blander" because the sunlight has to filter through red Martian dust in the atmosphere, he said. Many of the processed pictures from Curiosity's mission are being provided in both "true color" (Marslike) and "white-balanced" (Earthlike) versions.

Curiosity's primary mission is due to last one Martian year, or almost two Earth years, and the rover might need the first half of that mission to make its way south through the dunes. A picture from Curiosity's vantage point shows the dunes as a dark streak in the distance.

"We need to get to the clays which are just beyond that dune field that you see, and then up into the sulfate-bearing rocks which tend to form these buttes and mesas," said Ashwin Vasavada, deputy project scientist. "You're seeing really the scientific mission before you here."

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Vasavada said it's about 5 miles (8 kilometers) as the crow flies between the rover and its science targets at the base of a 3-mile-high mountain (5-kilometer-high) known as Aeolis Mons or Mount Sharp. McEwen said there's roughly 4 miles (6.5 kilometers) between the rover and the bottom edge of the orbital image, which was taken six days after Curiosity's landing from an altitude of about 168 miles (270 kilometers).

The rover is designed to analyze rocks and soil for the chemical signatures of potential habitability — using a laser zapper, an X-ray beam, a drill, an onboard laboratory and other high-tech gear. Curiosity is still going through its post-landing checkouts, but the show could start going on the road in a week or so.

More about Mars:

Alan Boyle is NBCNews.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter and adding the Cosmic Log page to your Google+ presence. To keep up with Cosmic Log as well as NBC News' other stories about science and space, sign up for the Tech & Science newsletter, delivered to your email in-box every weekday. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.

Nov

2010

2:41pm, EST

How a bridge was born on Mars

NASA / JPL-Caltech / Univ. of Arizona

What appears to be a natural bridge spans a channel running through a geological feature on Mars known as Tartarus Colles.

By John Roach, Contributing Writer, NBC News

A thin channel on Mars has a naturally occurring bridge over it, as seen in an image from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment camera, or HiRISE. The channel runs through a stretch of knobby terrain called Tartarus Colles.

The origin of the channel itself is unknown, Kelly Kolb from the HiRISE team said in an image advisory, though it was probably not formed by running water as there are no obvious source or deposit regions. "The channel is probably a collapse feature," she wrote.

The bridge itself is "probably a remnant of the original surface," Kolb added. She noted that a depression extending northward from the channel, but not as deep as the majority of the channel, might be in the process of collapsing and enlarging the chasm.

When the image first came to light several years ago, the Planetary Society's Emily Lakdawalla speculated that the channel likely started as a covered lava tube, but that most of the roof has collapsed over time. The remnant left behind bridges the gap. In time, that remnant will most likely fall into the channel as well. That's what happens to natural bridges on Earth.

Bridges also abound on the moon, and you can check them out in 3-D. These features were captured by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera -- and, like the bridge on Mars, were left behind when the surrounding material on the surface fell into a chasm.

Tip o' the log to Universe Today's Nancy Atkinson.

John Roach is a contributing writer for msnbc.com. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by hitting the "like" button on the Cosmic Log Facebook page or following msnbc.com's science editor, Alan Boyle, on Twitter (@b0yle).